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Dolphins, along with whales and porpoises, are descendants of land-living mammals, most likely
of the Artiodactyl order. Modern dolphin skeletons have two small rod shaped pelvic bones thought to be left-over hind legs.
They entered the water roughly 50 million years ago.
Dolphins have a fusiform body, adapted for fast swimming. The head contains the melon, a round organ used for echolocation.
In many species, the jaws are elongated, forming a distinct beak; for some species like the Bottlenose, there is a curved
mouth that looks like a fixed smile. Teeth can be very numerous (up to 250) in several species. The dolphin brain is large
and has a highly structured cortex, which often is referred to in discussions about their high intelligence.
Their teeth are arranged in a way that works as an array or antenna focusing the incoming sound, making it easier for them
to pinpoint the exact location of an object.
The basic coloration patterns are shades of gray with a light underside and a distinct dark cape on the back. It is often
combined with lines and patches of different hue and contrast.
For more information see Wikipedia